Glaucoma Screening Tests

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can cause optic nerve damage, leading to irreversible vision loss if not diagnosed and treated early. Regular screening is essential, particularly for individuals at higher risk, including those with a family history of glaucoma, older adults, and certain ethnic groups. Various screening tests are employed to detect glaucoma early. Here, we will discuss the most common glaucoma screening tests, their procedures, and what they measure

1. Applanation Tonometry:

Purpose: Measures intraocular pressure (IOP)

Procedure:

• It is the gold standard to check Intraocular pressure. The eye is numbed with drops, and a small probe      gently touches the cornea to measure the pressure

What It Measures: Elevated IOP, which is a major risk factor for glaucoma

2. Ophthalmoscopy (Fundoscopy)

Purpose: Examines the optic nerve for damage

Procedure:

• The eye is dilated with drops to widen the pupil

• Examiner uses a small device with a light to look through the pupil and examine the shape and color of the optic nerve

What It Measures: Optic nerve damage, such as cupping or thinning, indicative of glaucoma

3. Gonioscopy

Purpose: Examines the drainage angle of the eye

Procedure:

• The eye is numbed, and a special contact lens with mirrors is placed on the eye

• The doctor examines the angle between the iris and cornea

What It Measures: The openness of the drainage angle, helping to distinguish between open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma

What It Measures: Corneal thickness, which can influence IOP readings and help in assessing glaucoma risk

4. Optic Disc Evaluation

Purpose: Provides detailed examination of the optic nerve head.

Procedure:

• ophthalmoscope or specialized lenses are used to get a magnified view of the optic disc.

• The eye may be dilated to provide a clearer view.

What It Measures: Structural changes in the optic disc, such as increased cupping or nerve fiber thinning, which are indicative of glaucoma.

Interpretation of Results

• Normal Results: Indicate no signs of glaucoma;however, regular follow-up screenings are recommended for at-risk individuals.

• Abnormal Results: May suggest glaucoma or risk of developing it. Further diagnostic tests and regular monitoring will be necessary.

Importance of Regular Screening

Early detection through these screening tests can lead to timely treatment, significantly reducing the risk of vision loss. Regular eye exams, including glaucoma screening, are crucial, especially for those with increased risk factors. Treatment options vary from medications to laser treatments and surgery, tailored to manage IOP and prevent further optic nerve damage

Recommendation

If you are 40 or above, it's essential to get regular glaucoma screenings. VISIONOPOLiS offers comprehensive eye exams that include all necessary glaucoma screening tests. Early detection and timely intervention can preserve your vision and prevent the severe consequences of untreated glaucoma